PLI-TV-PVR7
Exported from Holy-Writings.com on 2026-07-05 - 1 clipping

The Compendium The numerical method 1. The section on ones

“The things that produce offenses should be known. The things that do not produce offenses should be known. Offenses should be known. Non-offenses should be known. Light offenses should be known. Serious offenses should be known. Curable offenses should be known. Incurable offenses should be known. Grave offenses should be known. Minor offenses should be known. Offenses that require making amends should be known. Offenses that do not require making amends should be known. Offenses that are confessable should be known. Offenses that are not confessable should be known. Obstructive offenses should be known. Unobstructive offenses should be known. Offenses designated as blameworthy should be known. Offenses designated as blameless should be known. Offenses originating from action should be known. Offenses originating from non-action should be known. Offenses originating from both action and non-action should be known. Initial offenses should be known. Subsequent offenses should be known. Offenses committed while making amends for an initial offense should be known. Offenses committed while making amends for a subsequent offense should be known. Offenses that are fit to be counted as confessed should be known. Offenses that are unfit to be counted as confessed should be known. The rule should be known. An addition to the rule down should be known. An unprompted rule should be known. Rules that apply everywhere should be known. Rules that apply in a particular place should be known. Rules that the monks and nuns have in common should be known. Rules they do not have in common should be known. Rules for one Sangha should be known. Rules for both Sanghas should be known. Heavy offenses should be known. Light offenses should be known. Offenses connected with householders should be known. Offenses not connected with householders should be known. Offenses with fixed rebirth should be known. Offenses with undetermined rebirth should be known. The person who is the first offender should be known. The subsequent offenders should be known. The occasional offender should be known. The frequent offender should be known. The accusing person should be known. The accused person should be known. The person who accuses illegitimately should be known. The person who is accused illegitimately should be known. The person who accuses legitimately should be known. The person who is accused legitimately should be known. The person with fixed future should be known. The person with undetermined future should be known. The person incapable of an offense should be known. The person capable of an offense should be known. The ejected person should be known. The unejected person should be known. The expelled person should be known. The unexpelled person should be known. The person who belongs to the same Buddhist sect should be known. The person who belongs to a different Buddhist sect should be known. Cancellation should be known.”

The section on ones is finished.

This is the summary:

“That produce, offense, light, And curable, grave; Making amends, and confession, Obstructive, blameworthy, action.

Both action and non-action, initial, While making amends, fit to be counted; Rule, unprompted, Everywhere, and in common, for one Sangha.

Heavy, householder, and fixed, First, occasional, accusing; Illegitimately, legitimately, fixed, Incapable, ejected, expelled; The same, and cancellation: This is the summary of the ones.”

2. The section on twos There are offenses for which perception is a factor, and offenses for which it is not. — There are offenses for which the attainment has been achieved, and offenses for which it has not. — There are offenses that are connected with the true Teaching, and offenses that are not. — There are offenses that are connected with one’s own requisites, and offenses that are connected with someone else’s requisites. — There are offenses that are connected with oneself, and offenses that are connected with others. — There are heavy offenses committed by one speaking the truth, and light offenses committed by one speaking falsely. There are heavy offenses committed by one speaking falsely, and light offenses committed by one speaking the truth. — There are offenses committed by one on the ground, not by one above ground. There are offenses committed by one above ground, not by one on the ground. — There are offenses committed by one who is leaving, not by one who is entering. There are offenses committed by one who is entering, not by one who is leaving. — There are offenses committed by applying, and offenses committed by not applying. — There are offenses committed by undertaking, and offenses committed by not undertaking. — There are offenses committed by doing, and offenses committed by not doing. — There are offenses committed by giving, and offenses committed by not giving. — There are offenses committed by teaching, and offenses committed by not teaching. — There are offenses committed by receiving, and offenses committed by not receiving. — There are offenses committed by using, and offenses committed by not using. — There are offenses committed at night, not by day. There are offenses committed by day, not at night. — There are offenses committed at dawn, and offenses committed not at dawn. — There are offenses committed by cutting, and offenses committed by not cutting. — There are offenses committed by covering, and offenses committed by not covering. — There are offenses committed by wearing, and offenses committed by not wearing.

There are two observance days: the fourteenth and the fifteenth day of the lunar half-month. — There are two invitation days: the fourteenth and the fifteenth day of the lunar half-month. — There are two kinds of legal procedures: the procedure consisting of getting permission, and the procedure consisting of one motion. — There are two other kinds of legal procedures: the procedure consisting of one motion and one announcement, and the procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements. — There are two kinds of cases of legal procedures: the cases of procedures consisting of getting permission, and the cases of procedures consisting of one motion. — There are two other kinds of cases of legal procedures: the cases of procedures consisting of one motion and one announcement, and the cases of procedures consisting of one motion and three announcements. — There are two kinds of flaws in legal procedures: the flaw in a procedure consisting of getting permission, and the flaw in a procedure consisting of one motion. — There are two other kinds of flaws in legal procedures: the flaw in a procedure consisting of one motion and one announcement, and the flaw in a procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements. — There are two kinds of successes in legal procedures: the success of a procedure consisting of getting permission, and the success of a procedure consisting of one motion. — There are two other kinds of successes in legal procedures: the success of a procedure consisting of one motion and one announcement, and the success of a procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements. There are two grounds for belonging to a different Buddhist sect: either one makes oneself belong to a different Buddhist sect, or a unanimous assembly ejects one for not recognizing an offense, for not making amends for an offense, or for not giving up a bad view. — There are two grounds for belonging to the same Buddhist sect: either one makes oneself belong to the same Buddhist sect, or a unanimous assembly readmits one who has been ejected for recognizing an offense, for making amends for an offense, or for giving up a bad view. — There are two kinds of offenses entailing expulsion: for monks and for nuns. — There are two kinds of offenses entailing suspension, two kinds of serious offenses, two kinds of offenses entailing confession, two kinds of offenses entailing acknowledgment, two kinds of offenses of wrong conduct, two kinds of offenses of wrong speech: for monks and for nuns. — There are seven kinds of offenses and seven classes of offenses. — Schism in the Sangha occurs in two ways: through a legal procedure or through a vote.

Two kinds of people should not be given the full ordination: one lacking in age, and one lacking in limbs. — Another two kinds of people should not be given the full ordination: one who is deficient as object, and one who has acted wrongly. — Another two kinds of people should not be given the full ordination: one who is incomplete, and one who is complete but who has not asked for it. — One should not live with formal support from two kinds of persons: one who is shameless, and one who is ignorant. — One should not give formal support to two kinds of people: one who is shameless, and one who has a sense of conscience but who has not asked for it. — One should give formal support to two kinds of people: one who is ignorant, and one who has a sense of conscience and who has asked for it. — Two kinds of people are incapable of committing an offense: Buddhas and solitary Buddhas. — Two kinds of people are capable of committing an offense: monks and nuns. — Two kinds of people are incapable of intentionally committing an offense: monks and nuns who are noble persons. — Two kinds of people are capable of intentionally committing an offense: monks and nuns who are ordinary persons. — Two kinds of people are incapable of intentionally committing an action that goes too far: monks and nuns who are noble persons. — Two kinds of people are capable of intentionally committing an action that goes too far: monks and nuns who are ordinary persons.

There are two kinds of objections: one objects by body, or one objects by speech. — There are two kinds of sending away: if the Sangha sends away those who don’t have the attributes needed for being sent away, the sending away of some succeeds, while the sending away of others fails. — There are two kinds of admittance: if the Sangha admits those who don’t have the attributes needed for being admitted, the admittance of some succeeds, while the admittance of others fails. — There are two kinds of admitting: one admits by body, or one admits by speech. — There are two kinds of receiving: one receives by body, or one receives by what is connected to the body. — There are two kinds of prohibitions: one prohibits by body, or one prohibits by speech. — There are two kinds of harming: harming of the training, and harming of possessions. — There are two kinds of accusing: one accuses by body, or one accuses by speech. There are two obstacles for the ending of the robe season: the monastery obstacle, and the robe obstacle. — There are two removals of obstacles for the ending of the robe season: the removal of the monastery obstacle, and the removal of the robe obstacle. — There are two kinds of robes: from householders, and from rags. — There are two kinds of almsbowls: iron bowls, and ceramic bowls. — There are two kinds of bowl rests: bowl-rests made of tin, and bowl-rests made of lead. — There are two ways of determining an almsbowl: one determines it by body, or one determines it by speech. — There are two ways of determining a robe: one determines it by body, or one determines it by speech. — There are two kinds of assignment: assignment in the presence of, and assignment in the absence of. There are two Monastic Laws: for the monks, and for the nuns. — There are two things that belong to the Monastic Law: the rules, and what accords with the rules. — There are two kinds of self-effacement through the Monastic Law: ending access to what is unallowable, and moderation in what is allowable. — One commits an offense in two ways: one commits it by body, or one commits it by speech. — One is cleared of an offense in two ways: one is cleared by body, or one is cleared by speech. — There are two kinds of probation: probation for concealed offenses, and probation for unconcealed offenses. — There are two other kinds of probation: purifying probation, and simultaneous probation. — There are two kinds of trial periods: trial periods for concealed offenses, and trial periods for unconcealed offenses. — There are two other kinds of trial periods: trial periods for a half-month, and simultaneous trial periods. — Not counting a day is for two kinds of people: for one on probation, and for one undertaking the trial period. — There are two kinds of disrespect: disrespect for the person, and disrespect for the rule. There are two kinds of salt: natural, and artificial. — There are two other kinds of salt: sea salt, and black salt. — There are two other kinds of salt: hill salt, and soil salt. — There are two other kinds of salt: salt from the Roma country, and grain salt. — There are two kinds of using: using internally, and using externally. — There are two kinds of name-calling: low name-calling, and high name-calling. — There is malicious talebearing in two ways: for one wanting to endear himself, or for one aiming at division. — Eating in a group comes about in two ways: through an invitation, or through asking. — There are two entries to the rainy-season residence: the first and the second. — There are two kinds of illegitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code. — There are two kinds of legitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code.

There are two kinds of fools: one who takes on future responsibilities, and one who does not take on current responsibilities. — There are two kinds of wise persons: one who does not take on future responsibilities, and one who takes on current responsibilities. — There are two other kinds of fools: one who perceives what is unallowable as allowable, and one who perceives what is allowable as unallowable. — And there are two kinds of wise persons: one who perceives what is unallowable as unallowable, and one who perceives what is allowable as allowable. — There are two other kinds of fools: one who perceives a non-offense as an offense, and one who perceives an offense as a non-offense. — And there are two kinds of wise persons: one who perceives an offense as an offense, and one who perceives a non-offense as a non-offense. — There are two other kinds of fools: one who perceives what is contrary to the Teaching as the Teaching, and one who perceives what is the Teaching as contrary to the Teaching. — And there are two kinds of wise persons: one who perceives what is contrary to the Teaching as contrary to the Teaching, and one who perceives what is the Teaching as the Teaching. — There are two other kinds of fools: one who perceives what is contrary to the Monastic Law as the Monastic Law, and one who perceives what is the Monastic Law as contrary to the Monastic Law. — And there are two kinds of wise persons: one who perceives what is contrary to the Monastic Law as contrary to the Monastic Law, and one who perceives what is the Monastic Law as the Monastic Law.

The corruptions increase for two kinds of persons: one who is afraid of wrongdoing when one should not be, and one who is not afraid of wrongdoing when one should be. — The corruptions do not increase for two kinds of persons: one who is not afraid of wrongdoing when one should not be, and one who is afraid of wrongdoing when one should be. — The corruptions increase for two other kinds of persons: one who perceives what is unallowable as allowable, and one who perceives what is allowable as unallowable. — The corruptions do not increase for two other kinds of persons: one who perceives what is unallowable as unallowable, and one who perceives what is allowable as allowable. — The corruptions increase for two other kinds of persons: one who perceives a non-offense as an offense, and one who perceives an offense as a non-offense. — The corruptions do not increase for two other kinds of persons: one who perceives a non-offense as a non-offense, and one who perceives an offense as an offense. — The corruptions increase for two other kinds of persons: one who perceives what is contrary to the Teaching as the Teaching, and one who perceives what is the Teaching as contrary to the Teaching. — The corruptions do not increase for two other kinds of persons: one who perceives what is contrary to the Teaching as contrary to the Teaching, and one who perceives what is the Teaching as the Teaching. — The corruptions increase for two other kinds of persons: one who perceives what is contrary to the Monastic Law as the Monastic Law, and one who perceives what is the Monastic Law as contrary to the Monastic Law. — The corruptions do not increase for two other kinds of persons: one who perceives what is contrary to the Monastic Law as contrary to the Monastic Law, and one who perceives what is the Monastic Law as the Monastic Law.

The section on twos is finished.

This is the summary:

“Perception, and achieved, the true Teaching, And requisites, others; Truth, ground, leaving, Applying, undertaking.

Doing, giving, receiving, By using, and night; Dawn, cutting, covering, And wearing, observance days.

Invitation days, legal procedures, other, Object, other, and flaws; Other, and two successes, Different, and the same.

Expulsion, suspension, serious offense, Confession, acknowledgment; Wrong conduct, and wrong speech, Seven, and classes of offenses.

Schism, full ordination, And two other; Should not live, should not give, Incapable, and capable.

Intentionally, and goes too far, Objections, sending away; Admittance, and admitting, Receiving, prohibitions.

Harming, and accusing, And so two on the robe season; Robes, bowls, bowl rests, And so two on determining.

And assignment, Monastic Laws, And belong to the Monastic Law, self-effacement; And one commits, one is cleared, Probation, two others.

Two trial periods, others, Not counting a day, disrespect; Two salts, three others, Using, and with name-calling.

And malicious talebearing, group, rainy-season residence, Cancellations, responsibilities, allowable; Non-offense, contrary to the Teaching, the Teaching, The Monastic Law, and so corruptions.”

3. The section on threes “(1) There are offenses one commits while the Buddha is alive, not after his extinguishment. (2) There are offenses one commits after the Buddha’s extinguishment, not while he is alive. (3) There are offenses one commits both while the Buddha is alive and also after his extinguishment. (1) There are offenses one commits at the right time, not at the wrong time. (2) There are offenses one commits at the wrong time, not at the right time. (3) There are offenses one commits both at the right time and also at the wrong time. (1) There are offenses one commits at night, not by day. (2) There are offenses one commits by day, not at night. (3) There are offenses one commits both at night and also by day. (1) There are offenses one commits when one has ten years of seniority, not less. (2) There are offenses one commits when one has less than ten years of seniority, not ten. (3) There are offenses one commits both when one has ten years of seniority and also when one has less. (1) There are offenses one commits when one has five years of seniority, not less. (2) There are offenses one commits when one has less than five years of seniority, not five. (3) There are offenses one commits both when one has five years of seniority and also when one has less. (1) There are offenses one commits with a wholesome mind. (2) There are offenses one commits with an unwholesome mind. (3) There are offenses one commits with an indeterminate mind. (1) There are offenses one commits while experiencing pleasant feelings. (2) There are offenses one commits while experiencing unpleasant feelings. (3) There are offenses one commits while experiencing neither pleasant nor unpleasant feelings. There are three grounds for an accusation: what is seen, what is heard, and what is suspected. — There are three ways of voting: a secret ballot, an open vote, and whispering in the ear. — Three things are opposed: great desires, discontent, and self-inflation. — Three things are allowed: fewness of wishes, contentment, and self-effacement. — Three other things are opposed: great desires, discontent, and lacking a sense of moderation. — And three things are allowed: fewness of wishes, contentment, and having a sense of moderation. — There are three kinds of rules: a rule, an addition to a rule, and an unprompted rule. — There are three other kinds of rules: a rule that applies everywhere, a rule that applies in a particular place, and a rule that the monks and nuns have in common. — There are three other kinds of rules: a rule the monks and nuns do not have in common, a rule for one Sangha, and a rule for both Sanghas.

(1) There are offenses committed by fools, not by the wise. (2) There are offenses committed by the wise, not by fools. (3) There are offenses committed by both by fools and the wise. (1) There are offenses committed during the waning phase of the moon, not during the waxing phase. (2) There are offenses committed during the waxing phase of the moon, not during the waning phase. (3) There are offenses committed both during the waning and the waxing phases of the moon. (1) There are things that are allowable during the waning phase of the moon, not during the waxing phase. (2) There are things that are allowable during the waxing phase of the moon, not during the waning phase. (3) There are things that are allowable both during the waning and the waxing phases of the moon. (1) There are offenses committed during winter, not during summer or the rainy season. (2) There are offenses committed during summer, not during winter or the rainy season. (3) There are offenses committed during the rainy season, not during winter or summer. (1) There are offenses committed by a sangha, not by several monastics or an individual. (2) There are offenses committed by several monastics, not by a sangha or an individual. (3) There are offenses committed by an individual, not by a sangha or several monastics. (1) There are things allowable for a sangha, not for several monastics or an individual. (2) There are things allowable for several monastics, not for a sangha or an individual. (3) There are things allowable for an individual, not for a sangha or several monastics. There are three kinds of concealing: (1) one conceals the action that was the basis for the offense, not the offense. (2) one conceals the offense, not the action that was the basis for the offense. (3) one conceals both the action that was the basis for the offense and also the offense. There are three coverings: (1) a sauna, (2) water, and (3) a cloth. Three things happen concealed, not openly: (1) Women are married with a veil, not unveiled. (2) The mantras of the brahmins are transmitted in secret, not openly. (3) Wrong view is transmitted in secret, not openly. Three things shine in the open, not when concealed: (1) The disc of the moon shines in the open, not when concealed. (2) The disc of the sun shines in the open, not when concealed. (3) The spiritual path proclaimed by the Buddha shines in the open, not when concealed. There are three times for the allocation of dwellings: (1) the first, (2) the second, and (3) when given up in between. (1) There are offenses that one commits when sick, not when not sick. (2) There are offenses that one commits when not sick, not when sick. (3) There are offenses that one commits both when sick and when not sick.

There are three kinds of illegitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code. — There are three kinds of legitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code. — There are three kinds of probation: probation for concealed offenses, probation for unconcealed offenses, and purifying probation. — There are three kinds of trial period: trial period for concealed offenses, trial period for unconcealed offenses, and trial period for a half-month. — There are three things that stop a monk on probation from counting a particular day toward his probationary period: he stays in the same room as a regular monk; he stays apart from other monks; he doesn’t inform other monks of his status. (1) There are offenses that one commits inside, not outside. (2) There are offenses that one commits outside, not inside. (3) There are offenses that one commits both inside and outside. (1) There are offenses that one commits inside the monastery zone, not outside. (2) There are offenses that one commits outside the monastery zone, not inside. (3) There are offenses that one commits both inside and outside the monastery zone. One commits an offense in three ways: one commits an offense by body, by speech, or by body and speech. — One commits an offense in three other ways: in the midst of the Sangha, in the midst of a group, or in the presence of an individual. — One clears an offense in three ways: one clears an offense by body, by speech, or by body and speech. — One clears an offense in three other ways: in the midst of the Sangha, in the midst of a group, or in the presence of an individual. — There are three illegitimate grantings of resolution because of past insanity. — There are three legitimate grantings of resolution because of past insanity.

When a monk has three qualities, the Sangha may, if it wishes, do a procedure of condemnation against him: (1) he is quarrelsome, argumentative, and a creator of legal issues in the Sangha; (2) he is ignorant and incompetent, often committing offenses, and lacking in boundaries; (3) he is constantly and improperly socializing with householders. When a monk has three qualities, the Sangha may, if it wishes, do a procedure of demotion against him: (1) he is quarrelsome, argumentative, and a creator of legal issues in the Sangha; (2) he is ignorant and incompetent, often committing offenses, and lacking in boundaries; (3) he is constantly and improperly socializing with householders. When a monk has three qualities, the Sangha may, if it wishes, do a procedure of banishment against him: (1) he is quarrelsome, argumentative, and a creator of legal issues in the Sangha; (2) he is ignorant and incompetent, often committing offenses, and lacking in boundaries; (3) he is a corrupter of families and badly behaved, and his bad behavior has been seen and heard about. When a monk has three qualities, the Sangha may, if it wishes, do a procedure of reconciliation against him: (1) he is quarrelsome, argumentative, and a creator of legal issues in the Sangha; (2) he is ignorant and incompetent, often committing offenses, and lacking in boundaries; (3) he abuses and reviles householders. When a monk has three qualities, the Sangha may, if it wishes, do a procedure of ejection against him for not recognizing an offense: (1) he is quarrelsome, argumentative, and a creator of legal issues in the Sangha; (2) he is ignorant and incompetent, often committing offenses, and lacking in boundaries; (3) after committing an offense, he refuses to recognize it. When a monk has three qualities, the Sangha may, if it wishes, do a procedure of ejection against him for not making amends for an offense: (1) he is quarrelsome, argumentative, and a creator of legal issues in the Sangha; (2) he is ignorant and incompetent, often committing offenses, and lacking in boundaries; (3) after committing an offense, he refuses to make amends for it. When a monk has three qualities, the Sangha may, if it wishes, do a procedure of ejection against him for not giving up a bad view: (1) he is quarrelsome, argumentative, and a creator of legal issues in the Sangha; (2) he is ignorant and incompetent, often committing offenses, and lacking in boundaries; (3) he refuses to give up a bad view.

When a monk has three qualities, the Sangha may, if it wishes, plan a strong action against him: (1) he is quarrelsome, argumentative, and a creator of legal issues in the Sangha; (2) he is ignorant and incompetent, often committing offenses, and lacking in boundaries; (3) he is constantly and improperly socializing with householders. When a monk has three qualities a legal procedure may be done against him: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three other qualities a legal procedure may be done against him: he has failed in the higher morality; he has failed in the higher conduct; he has failed in the higher view. — When a monk has three other qualities a legal procedure may be done against him: his bodily conduct is frivolous; his verbal conduct is frivolous; his bodily and verbal conduct are frivolous. — When a monk has three other qualities a legal procedure may be done against him: he is improperly behaved by body; he is improperly behaved by speech; he is improperly behaved by body and speech. — When a monk has three other qualities a legal procedure may be done against him: his bodily conduct is harmful; his verbal conduct is harmful; his bodily and verbal conduct are harmful. — When a monk has three other qualities a legal procedure may be done against him: he has wrong livelihood by body; he has wrong livelihood by speech; he has wrong livelihood by body and speech. — When a monk has three other qualities a legal procedure may be done against him: if, after committing an offense and having a legal procedure done against him, he gives the full ordination, gives formal support, has a novice monk attend on him. — When a monk has three other qualities a legal procedure may be done against him: he commits the same offense for which the Sangha did the legal procedure against him; he commits an offense similar to the one for which the Sangha did the legal procedure against him; he commits an offense worse than the one for which the Sangha did the legal procedure against him. — When a monk has three other qualities a legal procedure may be done against him: he disparages the Buddha; he disparages the Teaching; he disparages the Sangha.

When a monk has three qualities and is having the observance-day ceremony canceled in the midst of the Sangha, then, after pressing him by saying, ‘Enough, no more arguing and disputing,’ the Sangha should do the observance-day ceremony. These are the three qualities: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities and is having the invitation ceremony canceled in the midst of the Sangha, then, after pressing him by saying, ‘Enough, no more arguing and disputing,’ the Sangha should do the invitation ceremony. These are the three qualities: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — The Sangha should not give any formal approval to a monk who has three qualities: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, he should not speak in the Sangha: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, he should not be put in any position of authority: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, one should not live with formal support from him: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, he should not give formal support: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, he is not qualified to ask for permission to correct another: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, he should not be allowed to direct anyone: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, he should not be asked about the Monastic Law: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, he should not ask about the Monastic Law: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, his questions about the Monastic Law should not be replied to: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, he should not reply to questions about the Monastic Law: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, he should not be allowed to ask questions: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, one should not discuss the Monastic Law with him: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk. — When a monk has three qualities, he should not give the full ordination, give formal support, or have a novice monk attend on him: he is shameless, ignorant, and not a regular monk.

There are three kinds of observance-day ceremonies: on the fourteenth, on the fifteenth, and the observance-day ceremony for the sake of unity. — There are three other kinds of observance-day ceremonies: the observance-day ceremony for a sangha, the observance-day ceremony for a group, and the observance-day ceremony for an individual. — There are three other kinds of observance-day ceremonies: the observance-day ceremony which consists of reciting the Monastic Code, the observance-day ceremony which consists of declaring purity, and the observance-day ceremony which consists of a determination.

There are three kinds of invitation ceremonies: on the fourteenth, on the fifteenth, and the invitation ceremony for the sake of unity. — There are three other kinds of invitation ceremonies: the invitation ceremony for a sangha, the invitation ceremony for a group, and the invitation ceremony for an individual. — There are three other kinds of invitation ceremonies: the invitation ceremony done by means of three statements, the invitation ceremony done by means of two statements, the invitation ceremony done by means of groups according to the year of seniority.

There are three kinds of persons bound for hell: (1) one who, not having abandoned it, does not abstain from sexuality, while claiming to do so; (2) one who groundlessly charges someone who lives a pure spiritual life with not abstaining from sexuality; (3) one who has and declares a view such as this: ‘There is no fault in worldly pleasures,’ and then indulges in them. There are three unwholesome roots: desire, ill will, and confusion. — There are three wholesome roots: non-desire, non-ill will, and non-confusion. — There are three kinds of misconduct: misconduct by body, misconduct by speech, and misconduct by mind. — There are three kinds of good conduct: good conduct by body, good conduct by speech, and good conduct by mind. — There are three reasons why the Buddha laid down the rule on eating in groups of no more than three: for the restraint of bad people; for the ease of good monks, stopping those with bad desires from creating a faction and then splitting the Sangha; and out of compassion for families. — It’s because he was overcome and consumed by three bad qualities that Devadatta was irredeemably destined to an eon in hell: bad desires; bad friends; and after trifling successes, he stopped short of the goal. — There are three kinds of approval: approval to use a staff, approval to use a carrying net, and approval to use both a staff and a carrying net. — There are three kinds of foot stands that are fixed in place and immobile: foot stands for defecating, foot stands for urinating, foot stands for restroom ablutions. — There are three kinds of foot scrubbers: stones, pebbles, and pumice.”

The section on threes is finished.

This is the summary:

“While he is alive, at the right time, and at night, Ten, five, with wholesome; Feelings, grounds for an accusation, Voting, two on prohibited.

Rule, and two others, Fools, and during the waning phase of the moon, it is allowable; During winter, a sangha, for a sangha, And concealings, a covering.

Concealed, and in the open, Dwelling, sick; Monastic Code, probation, Trial period, those on probation.

Inside, and inside the monastery zone, One commits, again another; One clears, and another, Two on resolution because of past insanity.

Condemnation, and demotion, Banishment, reconciliation; Not recognizing, making amends, And not giving up a view.

Strong, legal procedure, in the higher morality, Frivolous, improperly behaved, harmful; Livelihood, committing, similar, Disparages, and with observance-day ceremony.

Invitation ceremony, and formal approval, Speak, and with authority; Should not live, should not give, So one should not ask for permission.

One should not direct, Two on those who should not be asked; And two on one should not reply, And one should not be allowed to ask.

Discussion, full ordination, Formal support, and novice monk; Three on three observance-day ceremonies, Three on three invitation ceremonies.

Bound for the lower, unwholesome, Wholesome, two on conduct; Eating in groups of no more than three, in bad qualities, Approval, and with foot stands; And foot scrubbers—This is the summary for the threes.”

4. The section on fours (1) There are offenses that one commits through one’s own speech, but clears through someone else’s speech. (2) There are offenses that one commits through someone else’s speech, but clears through one’s own speech. (3) There are offenses that one commits through one’s own speech and clears through one’s own speech. (4) There are offenses that one commits through someone else’s speech and clears through someone else’s speech. (1) There are offenses that one commits by body, but clears by speech. (2) There are offenses that one commits by speech, but clears by body. (3) There are offenses that one commits by body and clears by body. (4) There are offenses that one commits by speech and clears by speech. (1) There are offenses that one commits while sleeping, but clears while awake. (2) There are offenses that one commits while awake, but clears while sleeping. (3) There are offenses that one commits while sleeping and clears while sleeping. (4) There are offenses that one commits while awake and clears while awake. (1) There are offenses that one commits unintentionally, but clears intentionally. (2) There are offenses that one commits intentionally, but clears unintentionally. (3) There are offenses that one commits unintentionally and clears unintentionally. (4) There are offenses that one commits intentionally and clears intentionally. (1) There are offenses where one confesses an offense while committing an offense. (2) There are offenses where one commits an offense while confessing an offense. (3) There are offenses where one clears an offense while committing an offense. (4) There are offenses where one commits an offense while clearing an offense. (1) There are offenses that one commits through action, but clears through non-action. (2) There are offenses that one commits through non-action, but clears through action. (3) There are offenses that one commits through action and clears through action. (4) There are offenses that one commits through non-action and clears through non-action.

There are four kinds of ignoble speech: (1) saying that one has seen what one has not seen; (2) saying that one has heard what one has not heard; (3) saying that one has sensed what one has not sensed; (4) saying that one has known what one has not known. There are four kinds of noble speech: (1) saying that one has not seen what one has not seen; (2) saying that one has not heard what one has not heard; (3) saying that one has not sensed what one has not sensed; (4) saying that one has not known what one has not known. There are four other kinds of ignoble speech: (1) saying that one has not seen what one has seen; (2) saying that one has not heard what one has heard; (3) saying that one has not sensed what one has sensed; (4) saying that one has not known what one has known. There are four other kinds of noble speech: (1) saying that one has seen what one has seen; (2) saying that one has heard what one has heard; (3) saying that one has sensed what one has sensed; (4) saying that one has known what one has known.

The monks have four offenses entailing expulsion in common with the nuns. — The nuns have four offenses entailing expulsion not in common with the monks. There are four kinds of requisites: (1) There are requisites that should be guarded, taken as a personal possession, and made use of. (2) There are requisites that should be guarded and made use of, but not taken as a personal possession. (3) There are requisites that should be guarded, but not taken as a personal possession or made use of. (4) There are requisites that should neither be guarded, nor taken as a personal possession, nor made use of. (1) There are offenses one commits in the presence of someone, but clears in their absence. (2) There are offenses one commits in the absence of someone, but clears in their presence. (3) There are offenses one commits in the presence of someone and clears in their presence. (4) There are offenses one commits in the absence of someone and clears in their absence. (1) There are offenses one commits unknowingly, but clears knowingly. (2) There are offenses one commits knowingly, but clears unknowingly. (3) There are offenses one commits unknowingly and clears unknowingly. (4) There are offenses one commits knowingly and clears knowingly.

One commits offenses in four ways: by body, by speech, by body and speech, through a legal procedure. — One commits offenses in four other ways: in the midst of the Sangha, in the midst of a group, in the presence of an individual, through the appearance of sexual characteristics. — One clears offenses in four ways: by body, by speech, by body and speech, through a legal procedure. — One clears offenses in four other ways: in the midst of the Sangha, in the midst of a group, in the presence of an individual, through the appearance of sexual characteristics. — When one gets it: one abandons the former, one is established in the latter, asking for things comes to a stop, rules come to an end. — When one gets it: one abandons the latter, one is established in the former, asking for things comes to a stop, rules come to an end. — There are four kinds of accusing: one accuses someone for failure in morality, one accuses someone for failure in conduct, one accuses someone for failure in view, one accuses someone for failure in livelihood. — There are four kinds of probation: probation for concealed offenses, probation for unconcealed offenses, purifying probation, and simultaneous probation. — There are four kinds of trial periods: trial periods for concealed offenses, trial periods for unconcealed offenses, trial periods for a half-month, and simultaneous trial periods. — There are four things that stop a monk who is undertaking the trial period from counting a particular day toward his trial period: he stays in the same room as a regular monk; he stays apart from other monks; he doesn’t inform other monks of his status; he travels without a group. — There are four unique things. — There are four things that need to be received: ordinary food, post-midday tonics, seven-day tonics, and lifetime tonics. — There are four foul edibles: feces, urine, ash, and clay. — There are four kinds of legal procedures: procedures consisting of getting permission, procedures consisting of one motion, procedures consisting of one motion and one announcement, or procedures consisting of one motion and three announcements. — There are four other kinds of legal procedures: illegitimate legal procedures done by an incomplete assembly, illegitimate legal procedures done unanimously, legitimate legal procedures done by an incomplete assembly, and legitimate legal procedures done unanimously. — There are four kinds of failure: failure in morality, failure in conduct, failure in view, and failure in livelihood. — There are four kinds of legal issues: legal issues arising from disputes, legal issues arising from accusations, legal issues arising from offenses, and legal issues arising from business. — There are four kinds of people who corrupt a gathering: an immoral monk with bad qualities, an immoral nun with bad qualities, an immoral male lay follower with bad qualities, an immoral female lay follower with bad qualities. — There are four kinds of people who make a gathering shine: a moral monk with good qualities, a moral nun with good qualities, a moral male lay follower with good qualities, a moral female lay follower with good qualities.

(1) There are offenses committed by new arrivals, not by residents. (2) There are offenses committed by residents, not by new arrivals. (3) There are offenses committed both by new arrivals and by residents. (4) There are offenses committed neither by new arrivals nor by residents. (1) There are offenses committed by those departing, not by residents. (2) There are offenses committed by residents, not by those departing. (3) There are offenses committed both by those departing and by residents. (4) There are offenses committed neither by those departing nor by residents. (1) There are rules that have variety in the action that is the basis for the offense, but not in the offense. (2) There are rules that have variety in the offense, but not in the action that is the basis for the offense. (3) There are rules that have variety both in the action that is the basis for the offense and in the offense. (4) There are rules that have variety neither in the action that is the basis for the offense nor in the offense. (1) There are rules where the action that is the basis for the offense is shared, but not the offense. (2) There are rules where the offense is shared, but not the action that is the basis for the offense. (3) There are rules where both the action that is the basis for the offense and the offense are shared. (4) There are rules where neither the action that is the basis for the offense nor the offense is shared. (1) There are offenses committed by the preceptor, but not the student. (2) There are offenses committed by the student, but not the preceptor. (3) There are offenses committed by both the preceptor and the student. (4) There are offenses committed by neither the preceptor nor the student. (1) There are offenses committed by the teacher, but not the pupil. (2) There are offenses committed by the pupil, but not the teacher. (3) There are offenses committed by both the teacher and the pupil. (4) There are offenses committed by neither the teacher nor the pupil. There is no offense for breaking the rainy-season residence for these four reasons: there is a schism in the Sangha; there are some who want to cause a schism in the Sangha; there is a threat to life; there is a threat to the monastic life. — There are four kinds of bad conduct by speech: lying, divisive speech, harsh speech, and idle speech. — There are four kinds of good conduct by speech: truthful speech, non-divisive speech, gentle speech, and meaningful speech. (1) There are offenses that are serious when taking for oneself, but light when inciting someone else. (2) There are offenses that are light when taking for oneself, but serious when inciting someone else. (3) There are offenses that are serious both when taking for oneself and when inciting someone else. (4) There are offenses that are light both when taking for oneself and when inciting someone else.

(1) There are people who deserve being bowed down to, but not being stood up for. (2) There are people who deserve being stood up for, but not to being bowed down to. (3) There are people who deserve both being bowed down to and being stood up for. (4) There are people who deserve neither being bowed down to nor being stood up for. (1) There are people who deserve a seat, but not being bowed down to. (2) There are people who deserve being bowed down to, but not a seat. (3) There are people who deserve both a seat and being bowed down to. (4) There are people who deserve neither a seat nor being bowed down to. (1) There are offenses that one commits at the right time, not at the wrong time. (2) There are offenses that one commits at the wrong time, not at the right time. (3) There are offenses that one commits both at the right time and at the wrong time. (4) There are offenses that one commits neither at the right time nor at the wrong time. (1) There are things that when received are allowable at the right time, but not at the wrong time. (2) There are things that when received are allowable at the wrong time, but not at the right time. (3) There are things that when received are allowable both at the right time and at the wrong time. (4) There are things that when received are allowable neither at the right time nor at the wrong time. (1) There are offenses that one commits outside the central Ganges plain, but not within it. (2) There are offenses that one commits within the central Ganges plain, but not outside it. (3) There are offenses that one commits both outside the central Ganges plain and within it. (4) There are offenses that one commits neither outside the central Ganges plain nor within it. (1) There are things that are allowable outside the central Ganges plain, but not within it. (2) There are things that are allowable within the central Ganges plain, but not outside of it. (3) There are things that are allowable both outside the central Ganges plain and within it. (4) There are things that are allowable neither outside the central Ganges plain nor within it. (1) There are offenses that one commits inside, but not outside. (2) There are offenses that one commits outside, but not inside. (3) There are offenses that one commits both inside and outside. (4) There are offenses that one commits neither inside nor outside. (1) There are offenses that one commits inside the monastery zone, not outside. (2) There are offenses that one commits outside the monastery zone, not inside. (3) There are offenses that one commits both inside and outside the monastery zone. (4) There are offenses that one commits neither inside nor outside the monastery zone. (1) There are offenses that one commits in inhabited areas, not in the wilderness. (2) There are offenses that one commits in the wilderness, not in inhabited areas. (3) There are offenses that one commits both in inhabited areas and in the wilderness. (4) There are offenses that one commits neither in inhabited areas nor in the wilderness.

There are four kinds of accusing: pointing out the action that is the basis for an offense, pointing out the offense, refusing to live together, refusing to act respectfully. — There are four kinds of preliminary actions. — There are four kinds of readiness. — There are four offenses entailing confession concerning “no other”. — There are four kinds of approval from the monks. — There are four ways of acting that are wrong: one is biased by desire, ill will, confusion, or fear. — There are four ways of acting that are not wrong: one is not biased by desire, ill will, confusion, or fear. — When a shameless monk has four qualities, he causes a schism in the Sangha: he is biased by desire, ill will, confusion, or fear. — When a good monk has four qualities, he unites a divided Sangha: he is not biased by desire, ill will, confusion, or fear. — When a monk has four qualities, he should not be asked about the Monastic Law: he is biased by desire, ill will, confusion, or fear. — When a monk has four qualities, he should not ask about the Monastic Law: he is biased by desire, ill will, confusion, or fear. — When a monk has four qualities, his questions about the Monastic Law should not be replied to: he is biased by desire, ill will, confusion, or fear. — When a monk has four qualities, he should not reply to questions about the Monastic Law: he is biased by desire, ill will, confusion, or fear. — When a monk has four qualities, he should not be allowed to ask questions: he is biased by desire, ill will, confusion, or fear. — When a monk has four qualities, you should not discuss the Monastic Law with him: he is biased by desire, ill will, confusion, or fear. — There are offenses that one commits when sick, not when not sick; there are offenses that one commits when not sick, not when sick; there are offenses that one commits both when sick and when not sick; there are offenses that one commits neither when sick nor when not sick. — There are four kinds of illegitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code. — There are four kinds of legitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code.

The section on fours is finished.

This is the summary:

“Through one’s own speech, by body, While sleeping, unintentionally; And while committing, through action, And so four on speech.

The monks have, and the nuns have, And requisite, in the presence of; Unknowingly, by body, and in the midst of, And so twofold on clears.

When one gets it, accusing, And it is called probation; Trial period, and also undertaking, Unique things, received.

Foul edibles, legal procedures, Again legal procedures, failures; Legal issues, and immoral ones, Shining, and by a new arrival.

One departing, variety in the action, Shared, and with preceptor; Teacher, or reasons, Bad conduct, good conduct.

Taking for oneself, and people, Who deserves a seat; And at the right time, and it is allowable, Outside the central Ganges plain, allowable.

Inside, and inside the monastery zone, And in an inhabited area, and with accusing; Preliminary action, readiness, ‘No other’, and approvals.

Wrong acting, and not wrong acting, Shameless, and with good; And two on should be asked, And another two on should reply; And question, discussion, Sick, and with cancellation.”

5. The section on fives “There are five kinds of offenses. — There are five classes of offenses. — There are five grounds of training. — There are five kinds of actions with results in the next life. — There are five kinds of people with fixed rebirth. — There are five offenses involving cutting. — There are five reasons for committing an offense. — There are five kinds of offenses because of lying. There are five reasons why a legal procedure is invalid: (1) one does not do the legal procedure oneself; (2) one does not request someone else; (3) one does not give one’s consent or declare one’s purity; (4) one objects while the legal procedure is being carried out; or (5) one has the view that the completed legal procedure is illegitimate. There are five reasons why a legal procedure is valid: (1) one does the legal procedure oneself; (2) one requests someone else; (3) one gives one’s consent or declares one’s purity; (4) one does not object while the legal procedure is being carried out; or (5) one has the view that the completed legal procedure is legitimate. There are five things that are allowable for a monk who only eats almsfood: (1) visiting families before or after a meal invitation, (2) eating in a group, (3) eating a meal before another, (4) non-determination, (5) non-assignment to another. When a monk has five qualities, whether he is a bad monk or firm in morality, he is suspected and mistrusted: he regularly associates with sex workers, widows, single women, <i lang='pi' translate='no'>paṇḍakas</i>, or nuns. — There are five kinds of oil: sesame oil, mustard oil, honey-tree oil, castor oil, and oil from fat. — There are five kinds of fat: bear fat, fish fat, alligator fat, pig fat, and donkey fat. — There are five kinds of losses: loss of relatives, loss of property, loss of health, loss of morality, and loss of view. — There are five kinds of successes: success in relatives, success in property, success in health, success in morality, and success in view. There are five reasons why the formal support from a preceptor comes to an end: (1) the preceptor goes away; (2) the preceptor disrobes; (3) the preceptor dies; (4) the preceptor joins another religion or sect; or (5) the preceptor says so. There are five kinds of people who should not be given the full ordination: (1) one lacking in age, (2) one lacking in limbs, (3) one who is deficient as object, (4) one who has acted wrongly, (5) one who is incomplete. There are five kinds of rags: (1) those from a charnel ground, (2) those from a shop, (3) those eaten by rats, (4) those eaten by termites, (5) those burned by fire. There are five other kinds of rags: (1) those chewed by cattle, (2) those chewed by goats, (3) those left at a stupa, (4) those discarded from a king’s consecration, (5) those taken to and then brought back from a charnel ground. There are five kinds of removing: removing by theft, removing by force, removing dependent on conditions, removing by concealing, removing by drawing lots. — There are five notorious gangsters to be found in the world. — There are five things not to be given away. — There are five things not to be distributed. — There are five kinds of offenses that originate from body, not from speech and mind. — There are five kinds of offenses that originate from body and speech, not from mind. — There are five kinds of offenses that are confessable. — There are five kinds of sangha. — There are five ways of reciting the Monastic Code. — Outside the central Ganges plain, the full ordination is to be given by a group of five, including one expert on the Monastic Law. — There are five benefits of performing the robe-making ceremony. — There are five kinds of legal procedures. — There are five ‘for the third time’ offenses. — When five factors are fulfilled, there is an offense entailing expulsion for one who steals. — When five factors are fulfilled, there is a serious offense for one who steals. — When five factors are fulfilled, there is an offense of wrong conduct for one who steals. — There are five unallowable things that should not be used: what has not been given, what is not known about, what is not allowable, what has not been received, what has not been made left over. — There are five allowable things that may be used: what has been given, what is known about, what is allowable, what has been received, what has been made left over. — There are five gifts without merit that are considered meritorious in the world: alcohol, entertainment, a woman, a bull, and a picture. — There are five things that are hard to remove: desire, ill will, confusion, feeling inspired to speak, and the thought of departing. There are five benefits of sweeping: (1) one’s own mind becomes serene, (2) the minds of others become serene, (3) the gods are pleased, (4) one accumulates actions that lead to being inspiring, (5) at the break-up of the body after death one is reborn in heaven. There are five other benefits of sweeping: (1) one’s own mind becomes serene, (2) the minds of others become serene, (3) the gods are pleased, (4) one carries out the Teacher’s instruction, (5) later generations follow one’s example.

When an expert on the Monastic Law has five qualities, he is considered ignorant: (1) he does not grasp what is proper for himself to say; (2) he does not grasp what is proper for others to say; (3-5) not grasping either, he makes them act illegitimately, without their admission. But when an expert on the Monastic Law has five qualities, he is considered learned: (1) he grasps what is proper for himself to say; (2) he grasps what is proper for others to say; (3-5) grasping both, he makes them act legitimately, in accordance with their admission. When an expert on the Monastic Law has five other qualities, he is considered ignorant: (1) he does not know the offenses; (2) he does not know the roots of the offenses; (3) he does not know the origins of the offenses; (4) he does not know the ending of the offenses; (5) he does not know the way leading to the ending of the offenses. But when an expert on the Monastic Law has five qualities, he is considered learned: (1) he knows the offenses; (2) he knows the roots of the offenses; (3) he knows the origins of the offenses; (4) he knows the ending of the offenses; (5) he knows the way leading to the ending of the offenses. When an expert on the Monastic Law has five other qualities, he is considered ignorant: (1) he does not know the legal issues; (2) he does not know the root of the legal issues; (3) he does not know the origin of the legal issues; (4) he does not know the ending of the legal issues; (5) he does not know the way leading to the ending of the legal issues. But when an expert on the Monastic Law has five qualities, he is considered learned: (1) he knows the legal issues; (2) he knows the root of the legal issues; (3) he knows the origin of the legal issues; (4) he knows the ending of the legal issues; (5) he knows the way leading to the ending of the legal issues. When an expert on the Monastic Law has five other qualities, he is considered ignorant: (1) he does not know the actions that are the bases for offenses; (2) he does not know the origin stories; (3) he does not know the rules; (4) he does not know the additions to the rules; (5) he does not know the sequence of statements. But when an expert on the Monastic Law has five qualities, he is considered learned: (1) he knows the actions that are the bases for offenses; (2) he knows the origin stories; (3) he knows the rules; (4) he knows the additions to the rules; (5) he knows the sequence of statements. When an expert on the Monastic Law has five other qualities, he is considered ignorant: (1) he does not know the motion; (2) he does not know how the motion is done; (3) he is not skilled in what comes first; (4) he is not skilled in what comes afterwards; (5) he does not know the right time. But when an expert on the Monastic Law has five qualities, he is considered learned: (1) he knows the motion; (2) he knows how the motion is done; (3) he is skilled in what comes first; (4) he is skilled in what comes afterwards; (5) he knows the right time. When an expert on the Monastic Law has five other qualities, he is considered ignorant: (1) he does not know the offenses and non-offenses; (2) he does not know the light and heavy offenses; (3) he does not know the curable and incurable offenses; (4) he does not know the grave and minor offenses; (5) he has not well-learned and well-remembered his teachers’ tradition. But when an expert on the Monastic Law has five qualities, he is considered learned: (1) he knows the offenses and non-offenses; (2) he knows the light and heavy offenses; (3) he knows the curable and incurable offenses; (4) he knows the grave and minor offenses; (5) he has well-learned and well-remembered his teachers’ tradition. When an expert on the Monastic Law has five other qualities, he is considered ignorant: (1) he does not know the offenses and non-offenses; (2) he does not know the light and heavy offenses; (3) he does not know the curable and incurable offenses; (4) he does not know the grave and minor offenses; (5) he has not properly learned either Monastic Codes in detail, and he has not analyzed them well, thoroughly mastered them, or investigated them well, either in terms of the rules or their detailed exposition. But when an expert on the Monastic Law has five qualities, he is considered learned: (1) he knows the offenses and non-offenses; (2) he knows the light and heavy offenses; (3) he knows the curable and incurable offenses; (4) he knows the grave and minor offenses; (5) he has properly learned both Monastic Codes in detail, and has analyzed them well, thoroughly mastered them, and investigated them well, both in terms of the rules and their detailed exposition. When an expert on the Monastic Law has five other qualities, he is considered ignorant: (1) he does not know the offenses and non-offenses; (2) he does not know the light and heavy offenses; (3) he does not know the curable and incurable offenses; (4) he does not know the grave and minor offenses; (5) he is not skilled in deciding legal issues. But when an expert on the Monastic Law has five qualities, he is considered learned: (1) he knows the offenses and non-offenses; (2) he knows the light and heavy offenses; (3) he knows the curable and incurable offenses; (4) he knows the grave and minor offenses; (5) he is skilled in deciding legal issues.

There are five kinds of wilderness dwellers: one who is a wilderness dweller (1) because of stupidity and folly; (2) because one is overcome by bad desires; (3) because of insanity and derangement; (4) because it is praised by the Buddhas and their disciples; or (5) because of fewness of wishes, contentment, self-effacement, seclusion, and not needing anything else. There are five kinds of people who only eat almsfood … There are five kinds of rag-robe wearers … There are five kinds of people who live at the foot of a tree … There are five kinds of people who live in charnel grounds … There are five kinds of people who live out in the open … There are five kinds of people who only have three robes … There are five kinds of people who go on continuous almsround … There are five kinds of people who never lie down … There are five kinds of people who accept any kind of resting place … There are five kinds of people who eat in one sitting per day … There are five kinds of people who refuse to accept food offered after the meal has begun … There are five kinds of people who eat only from the almsbowl: one who eats only from the almsbowl (1) because of stupidity and folly; (2) because one is overcome by bad desires; (3) because of insanity and derangement; (4) because it is praised by the Buddhas and their disciples; or (5) because of fewness of wishes, contentment, self-effacement, seclusion, and not needing anything else.

When a monk has five qualities, he should not live without formal support: (1) he does not know about the observance-day ceremony; (2) he does not know the observance-day procedure; (3) he does not know the Monastic Code; (4) he does not know the recitation of the Monastic Code; (5) he has less than five years of seniority. But when a monk has five qualities, he may live without formal support: (1) he knows about the observance-day ceremony; (2) he knows the observance-day procedure; (3) he knows the Monastic Code; (4) he knows the recitation of the Monastic Code; (5) he has five or more years of seniority. When a monk has five other qualities, he should not live without formal support: (1) he does not know about the invitation ceremony; (2) he does not know the invitation procedure; (3) he does not know the Monastic Code; (4) he does not know the recitation of the Monastic Code; (5) he has less than five years of seniority. But when a monk has five qualities, he may live without formal support: (1) he knows about the invitation ceremony; (2) he knows the invitation procedure; (3) he knows the Monastic Code; (4) he knows the recitation of the Monastic Code; (5) he has five or more years of seniority. When a monk has five other qualities, he should not live without formal support: (1) he does not know the offenses and non-offenses; (2) he does not know the light and heavy offenses; (3) he does not know the curable and incurable offenses; (4) he does not know the grave and minor offenses; (5) he has less than five years of seniority. But when a monk has five qualities, he may live without formal support: (1) he knows the offenses and non-offenses; (2) he knows the light and heavy offenses; (3) he knows the curable and incurable offenses; (4) he knows the grave and minor offenses; (5) he has five or more years of seniority. When a nun has five qualities, she should not live without formal support: (1) she does not know about the observance-day ceremony; (2) she does not know the observance-day procedure; (3) she does not know the Monastic Code; (4) she does not know the recitation of the Monastic Code; (5) she has less than five years of seniority. But when a nun has five qualities, she may live without formal support: (1) she knows about the observance-day ceremony; (2) she knows the observance-day procedure; (3) she knows the Monastic Code; (4) she knows the recitation of the Monastic Code; (5) she has five or more years of seniority. When a nun has five other qualities, she should not live without formal support: (1) she does not know about the invitation ceremony; (2) she does not know the invitation procedure; (3) she does not know the Monastic Code; (4) she does not know the recitation of the Monastic Code; (5) she has less than five years of seniority. But when a nun has five qualities, she may live without formal support: (1) she knows about the invitation ceremony; (2) she knows the invitation procedure; (3) she knows the Monastic Code; (4) she knows the recitation of the Monastic Code; (5) she has five or more years of seniority. When a nun has five other qualities, she should not live without formal support: (1) she does not know the offenses and non-offenses; (2) she does not know the light and heavy offenses; (3) she does not know the curable and incurable offenses; (4) she does not know the grave and minor offenses; (5) she has less than five years of seniority. But when a nun has five qualities, she may live without formal support: (1) she knows the offenses and non-offenses; (2) she knows the light and heavy offenses; (3) she knows the curable and incurable offenses; (4) she knows the grave and minor offenses; (5) she has five or more years of seniority.

There are five dangers in being uninspiring: (1) you criticize yourself; (2) after investigating, wise people condemn you; (3) you get a bad reputation; (4) you die confused; (5) after death, you are reborn in a lower realm. There are five benefits in being inspiring: (1) you do not criticize yourself; (2) after investigating, wise people praise you; (3) you get a good reputation; (4) you die unconfused; (5) after death, you are reborn in heaven. There are five other dangers in being uninspiring: (1) you do not give rise to confidence in those without it; (2) you cause some to lose their confidence; (3) you don’t carry out the Teacher’s instructions; (4) later generations follow your example; (5) your mind doesn’t become serene. And there are five benefits in being inspiring: (1) you give rise to confidence in those without it; (2) you increase the confidence of those who have it; (3) you carry out the Teacher’s instructions; (4) later generations follow your example; (5) your mind becomes serene. There are five dangers of associating with families: (1) one commits the offense of visiting families before or after a meal invitation; (2) one commits the offense of sitting down in private; (3) one commits the offense of sitting down on a concealed seat; (4) one commits the offense of teaching more than five or six sentences to a woman; (5) one has a lot of worldly thoughts. There are five dangers for a monk who associates with families: (1) when he associates too much with families, he often sees women; (2) because of seeing them, he associates with them; (3) because of associating with them, there is intimacy; (4) because of intimacy, there is lust; (5) because his mind is overcome by lust, it is to be expected that he will be dissatisfied with the spiritual life, that he will commit a certain defiled offense, or that he will renounce the training and return to the lower life.

There are five kinds of propagation: (1) propagation from roots, (2) propagation from stems, (3) propagation from joints, (4) propagation from cuttings, (5) propagation from regular seeds as the fifth. When fruit is allowable for monastics for any of five reasons, it may be eaten: (1) it has been damaged by fire, (2) it has been damaged by a knife, (3) it has been damaged by a fingernail, (4) it’s seedless, (5) the seeds have been removed. There are five kinds of purification: (1) After reciting the introduction, the rest is announced as if heard. (2) After reciting the introduction and the four rules entailing expulsion, the rest is announced as if heard. (3) After reciting the introduction, the four rules entailing expulsion, and the thirteen rules entailing suspension, the rest is announced as if heard. (4) After reciting the introduction, the four rules entailing expulsion, the thirteen rules entailing suspension, and the two undetermined rules, the rest is announced as if heard. (5) In full is the fifth. There are five other kinds of purification: (1) the observance-day ceremony which consists of reciting the Monastic Code, (2) the observance-day ceremony which consists of declaring purity, (3) the observance-day ceremony which consists of a determination, (4) the invitation ceremony, (5) the observance-day ceremony for the sake of unity as the fifth. There are five benefits of being an expert on the Monastic Law: (1) your own morality is well guarded; (2) you are a refuge for those who are habitually anxious; (3) you speak with confidence in the midst of the Sangha; (4) you can legitimately and properly refute an opponent; (5) you are practicing for the longevity of the true Teaching. There are five kinds of illegitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code. — There are five kinds of legitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code.”

The section on fives is finished.

This is the summary:

“Offense, classes of offenses, Training, and with the next life; People, and involving cutting, And committing, because of.

Invalid, and valid, Allowable, suspected, and oil; Fat, loss, successes, Comes to an end, and with people.

Charnel ground, and chewed, Theft, and one called a gangster; Not to be given away, not to be shared out, From body, from body and speech.

Confessable, Sangha, reciting, Outside, and with the robe-making ceremony; Legal procedures, for the third time, An offense entailing expulsion, a serious offense, an offense of wrong conduct.

Unallowable, and allowable, Without merit, hard to remove; Sweeping, and other, To say, and also offenses.

Legal issue, action that is the basis for an offense, motion, And both offenses and non-offenses; These are light and strong, You should understand dark and bright.

Wilderness, and almsfood, Rag-robe, tree, people who live in charnel grounds; Out in the open, and robe, Continuous, one who never lies down.

Resting place, also after, And one who eats only from the bowl; Observance-day ceremony, invitation ceremony, And also offenses and non-offenses.

These verses on dark and bright, They are the same for the nuns; Being uninspiring, being inspiring, And so two others.

Associating with families, too much, Propagation, and allowable for monastics; Purification, and another, Monastic Law, and with illegitimate; And so legitimate is spoken of, The basic section on fives is finished.”

6. The section on sixes “There are six kinds of disrespect. — There are six kinds of respect. — There are six grounds of training. — There are six proper ways. — There are six originations of offenses. — There are six offenses involving cutting. — There are six ways of committing an offense. — There are six benefits of being an expert on the Monastic Law. — There are six rules about ‘at the most’. — One may be stay apart from one’s three robes for six days. — There are six kinds of robe-cloth. — There are six kinds of dye. — There are six kinds of offenses that originate from body and mind, not from speech. — There are six kinds of offenses that originate from speech and mind, not from body. — There are six kinds of offenses that originate from body, speech, and mind. — There are six kinds of legal procedures. — There are six roots of disputes. — There are six roots of accusations. — There are six aspects of friendliness. — Six standard handspans in length. — Six handspans wide. — There are six reasons why the formal support from a teacher comes to an end. — There are six additions to the rule on bathing. — One takes an unfinished robe and leaves the monastery. — One leaves the monastery with an unfinished robe.

When a monk has six qualities, he may give the full ordination, give formal support, and have a novice monk attend on him: he has (1) the virtue, (2) stillness, (3) wisdom, (4) freedom, and (5) the knowledge and vision of freedom of one who is fully trained, and (6) he has ten or more years of seniority.

When a monk has six other qualities, he may give the full ordination, give formal support, and have a novice monk attend on him: (1) he has the virtue of one who is fully trained himself and encourages others in it; (2) he has the stillness of one who is fully trained himself and encourages others in it; (3) he has the wisdom of one who is fully trained himself and encourages others in it; (4) he has the freedom of one who is fully trained himself and encourages others in it; (5) he has the knowledge and vision of freedom of one who is fully trained himself and encourages others in it; (6) he has ten or more years of seniority.

When a monk has six other qualities, he may give the full ordination, give formal support, and have a novice monk attend on him: he has (1) faith, (2) conscience, (3) moral prudence, (4) energy, (5) mindfulness, and (6) ten or more years of seniority.

When a monk has six other qualities, he may give the full ordination, give formal support, and have a novice monk attend on him: (1) he has not failed in the higher morality; (2) he has not failed in the higher conduct; (3) he has not failed in the higher view; (4) he is learned; (5) he is wise; (6) he has ten or more years of seniority.

When a monk has six other qualities, he may give the full ordination, give formal support, and have a novice monk attend on him: he is capable of three things in regard to a student: (1) to nurse him or have him nursed when he is sick; (2) to send him away or have him sent away when he is discontent with the spiritual life; (3) to use the Teaching to dispel anxiety. And (4) he knows the offenses; (5) he knows how offenses are cleared; and (6) he has ten or more years of seniority.

When a monk has six other qualities, he may give the full ordination, give formal support, and have a novice monk attend on him: he is capable of five things in regard to a student: (1) to train him in good conduct; (2) to train him in the basics of the spiritual life; (3) to train him in the Teaching; (4) to train him in the Monastic Law; and (5) to use the Teaching to make him give up wrong views. And (6) he has ten or more years of seniority.

When a monk has six other qualities, he may give the full ordination, give formal support, and have a novice monk attend on him: (1) he knows the offenses; (2) he knows the non-offenses; (3) he knows the light offenses; (4) he knows the heavy offenses; (5) he has properly learned both Monastic Codes in detail, and he has analyzed them well, thoroughly mastered them, and investigated them well, both in terms of the rules and their detailed exposition; (6) he has ten or more years of seniority.

There are six kinds of illegitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code. — There are six kinds of legitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code.”

The section on sixes is finished.

This is the summary:

“Disrespect, and respect, Training, and also proper ways; Originations, and cutting, Ways, and with benefit.

And ‘at the most’, six days, Robe-cloth, and kinds of dye; And from body and mind, And from speech and mind.

And from body, speech and mind, Legal procedure, and dispute; Accusations, and in length, Wide, and with formal support.

Additions to the rule, takes, And so with; Fully trained, one who encourages, Faith, and with higher morality; Sick, good conduct, Offense, illegitimate, legitimate.”

7. The section on sevens “There are seven kinds of offenses. — There are seven classes of offenses. — There are seven grounds of training. — There are seven proper ways. — There are seven illegitimate ways of acting according to what has been admitted. — There are seven legitimate ways of acting according to what has been admitted. — There is no offense in going for seven days to seven kinds of people. — There are seven benefits of being an expert on the Monastic Law. — There are seven rules about ‘at the most’. — There is becoming subject to relinquishment at dawn on the seventh day. — There are seven principles for settling legal issues. — There are seven kinds of legal procedures. — There are seven kinds of raw grain. — It is seven wide inside. — There are seven additions to the rule on eating in a group. — After being received, the tonics should be used from storage for at most seven days. — One takes a finished robe and leaves the monastery. — One leaves the monastery with a finished robe. — A monk doesn’t have any offense he needs to recognize. — A monk does have an offense he needs to recognize. — A monk has an offense he needs to make amends for. — There are seven kinds of illegitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code. — There are seven kinds of legitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code.

When a monk has seven qualities, he is an expert on the Monastic Law: (1) He knows the offenses. (2) He knows the non-offenses. (3) He knows the light offenses. (4) He knows the heavy offenses. (5) He is virtuous and restrained by the Monastic Code. His conduct is good, he associates with the right people, and he sees danger in minor faults. And he undertakes and trains in the training rules. (6) Whenever he wants, he accesses the four absorptions, those pleasant meditations of the higher mind. (7) And because of the ending of the corruptions, he has realized with his own insight, in this very life, the liberation by mind and the liberation by wisdom.

When a monk has seven other qualities, he is an expert on the Monastic Law: (1) He knows the offenses. (2) He knows the non-offenses. (3) He knows the light offenses. (4) He knows the heavy offenses. (5) He has learned much, and he retains and accumulates what he has learned. Those teachings that are good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, that have a true goal and are well articulated, and that set out the perfectly complete and pure spiritual life—he has learned many such teachings, retained them in mind, recited them verbally, mentally investigated them, and penetrated them well by view. (6) Whenever he wants, he accesses the four absorptions, those pleasant meditations of the higher mind. (7) And because of the ending of the corruptions, he has realized with his own insight, in this very life, the liberation by mind and the liberation by wisdom.

When a monk has seven other qualities, he is an expert on the Monastic Law: (1) He knows the offenses. (2) He knows the non-offenses. (3) He knows the light offenses. (4) He knows the heavy offenses. (5) He has properly learned both Monastic Codes in detail; he has analyzed them well, thoroughly mastered them, and investigated them well, both in terms of the rules and their detailed exposition. (6) Whenever he wants, he accesses the four absorptions, those pleasant meditations of the higher mind. (7) And because of the ending of the corruptions, he has realized with his own insight, in this very life, the liberation by mind and the liberation by wisdom.

When a monk has seven other qualities, he is an expert on the Monastic Law: (1) He knows the offenses. (2) He knows the non-offenses. (3) He knows the light offenses. (4) He knows the heavy offenses. (5) He recollects many past lives, that is, one birth, two births, three births, four births, five births, ten births, twenty births, thirty births, forty births, fifty births, a hundred births, a thousand births, a hundred thousand births; many eons of world dissolution, many eons of world evolution, many eons of both dissolution and evolution; and he knows: ‘There I had such a name, such a family, such an appearance, such food, such an experience of pleasure and pain, and such a lifespan. Passing away from there, I was reborn elsewhere, and there I had such a name, such a family, such an appearance, such food, such an experience of pleasure and pain, and such a lifespan. Passing away from there, I was reborn here.’ In this way he recollects many past lives with their characteristics and particulars. (6) With superhuman and purified clairvoyance, he sees beings passing away and getting reborn, inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, gone to good destinations and to bad destinations, and he understands how beings pass on according to their actions: ‘These beings who engaged in misconduct by body, speech, and mind, who abused the noble ones, who had wrong views and acted accordingly, at the breaking up of the body after death, have been reborn in a lower realm, a bad destination, a world of misery, hell. But these beings who engaged in good conduct of body, speech, and mind, who did not abuse the noble ones, who held right view and acted accordingly, at the breaking up of the body after death, have been reborn in a good destination, a heaven world.’ In this way, with superhuman and purified clairvoyance, he sees beings passing away and getting reborn, inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, gone to good destinations and to bad destinations, and he understands how beings pass on according to their actions. (7) And because of the ending of the corruptions, he has realized with his own insight, in this very life, the liberation by mind and the liberation by wisdom.

When an expert on the Monastic Law has seven qualities, he shines: (1) He knows the offenses. (2) He knows the non-offenses. (3) He knows the light offenses. (4) He knows the heavy offenses. (5) He is virtuous and restrained by the Monastic Code. His conduct is good, he associates with the right people, and he sees danger in minor faults. And he undertakes and trains in the training rules. (6) Whenever he wants, he accesses the four absorptions, those pleasant meditations of the higher mind. (7) And because of the ending of the corruptions, he has realized with his own insight, in this very life, the liberation by mind and the liberation by wisdom.

When an expert on the Monastic Law has seven qualities, he shines: (1) He knows the offenses. (2) He knows the non-offenses. (3) He knows the light offenses. (4) He knows the heavy offenses. (5) He has learned much, and he retains and accumulates what he has learned. Those teachings that are good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, that have a true goal and are well articulated, and that set out the perfectly complete and pure spiritual life—he has learned many such teachings, retained them in mind, recited them verbally, mentally investigated them, and penetrated them well by view. (6) Whenever he wants, he accesses the four absorptions, those pleasant meditations of the higher mind. (7) And because of the ending of the corruptions, he has realized with his own insight, in this very life, the liberation by mind and the liberation by wisdom.

When an expert on the Monastic Law has seven qualities, he shines: (1) He knows the offenses. (2) He knows the non-offenses. (3) He knows the light offenses. (4) He knows the heavy offenses. (5) He has properly learned both Monastic Codes in detail; he has analyzed them well, thoroughly mastered them, and investigated them well, both in terms of the rules and their detailed exposition. (6) Whenever he wants, he accesses the four absorptions, those pleasant meditations of the higher mind. (7) And because of the ending of the corruptions, he has realized with his own insight, in this very life, the liberation by mind and the liberation by wisdom.

When an expert on the Monastic Law has seven qualities, he shines: (1) He knows the offenses. (2) He knows the non-offenses. (3) He knows the light offenses. (4) He knows the heavy offenses. (5) He recollects many past lives, that is, one birth, two births, three births, four births, five births, ten births, twenty births, thirty births, forty births, fifty births, a hundred births, a thousand births, a hundred thousand births; many eons of world dissolution, many eons of world evolution, many eons of both dissolution and evolution; and he knows: ‘There I had such a name, such a family, such an appearance, such food, such an experience of pleasure and pain, and such a lifespan. Passing away from there, I was reborn elsewhere, and there I had such a name, such a family, such an appearance, such food, such an experience of pleasure and pain, and such a lifespan. Passing away from there, I was reborn here.’ In this way he recollects many past lives with their characteristics and particulars. (6) With superhuman and purified clairvoyance, he sees beings passing away and getting reborn, inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, gone to good destinations and to bad destinations, and he understands how beings pass on according to their actions: ‘These beings who engaged in misconduct by body, speech, and mind, who abused the noble ones, who had wrong views and acted accordingly, at the breaking up of the body after death, have been reborn in a lower realm, a bad destination, a world of misery, hell. But these beings who engaged in good conduct of body, speech, and mind, who did not abuse the noble ones, who held right view and acted accordingly, at the breaking up of the body after death, have been reborn in a good destination, a heaven world.’ In this way, with superhuman and purified clairvoyance, he sees beings passing away and getting reborn, inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, gone to good destinations and to bad destinations, and he understands how beings pass on according to their actions. (7) And because of the ending of the corruptions, he has realized with his own insight, in this very life, the liberation by mind and the liberation by wisdom.

There are seven bad qualities: one has no faith, conscience, or moral prudence; and one is ignorant, lazy, absentminded, and foolish. —

There are seven good qualities: one has faith, conscience, and moral prudence; and one is learned, energetic, mindful, and wise.”

The section on sevens is finished.

This is the summary:

“Offense, classes of offenses, Training, and proper ways; Illegitimate, and legitimate, And seven days is no offense.

Benefits, ‘at the most’, Dawn, and with settling; Legal procedures, and kinds of raw grain, Wide, eating in a group.

At most seven days, takes, And so with; Doesn’t, does, and does, Illegitimate and legitimate.

Four about experts on the Monastic Law, And four about monks who shine; And seven bad qualities, Seven good qualities have been taught.”

8. The section on eights “When you see eight benefits, you should not eject a monk for not recognizing an offense. — When you see eight benefits, you should confess an offense even out of confidence in the others. — There are eight ‘after the third’. — There are eight ways of corrupting families. — There are eight key phrases for the giving of robe-cloth. — There are eight key phrases for when the robe season comes to an end. — There are eight kinds of drinks. — Because he was overcome and consumed by eight bad qualities, Devadatta is irredeemably destined to an eon in hell. — There are eight worldly phenomena. — There are eight important principles. — There are eight offenses entailing acknowledgment. — Lying has eight factors. — The observance day has eight factors. — There are eight qualities of a qualified messenger. — There are eight proper conducts of monastics of other religions. — The great ocean has eight amazing qualities. — This spiritual path has eight amazing qualities. — There are eight ‘not left overs’. — There are eight ‘left overs’. — There is becoming subject to relinquishment at dawn on the eighth day. — There are eight offenses entailing expulsion. — When she fulfills the eight parts, she should be expelled. — When she fulfills the eight parts, even if she confesses, it is not actually confessed. — There is full ordination with eight statements. — One should stand up for eight people. — One should offer a seat to eight people. — The female lay follower who asked for eight favors. — When a monk has eight qualities, he may be appointed as an instructor of the nuns. — There are eight benefits of being an expert on the Monastic Law. — There are eight rules about ‘at the most’. — A monk who has had a legal procedure of further penalty done against him should behave properly in eight respects. — There are eight kinds of illegitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code. — There are eight kinds of legitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code.”

The section on eights is finished.

This is the summary:

“Not that monk, even in the others, For the third time, corrupting; Key phrases, the robe season coming to an end, Drinks, and with overcome by.

Worldly phenomena, important principles, Offenses entailing acknowledgment, lying; And observance days, qualities of a qualified messenger, Monastics of other religions, and also of the ocean.

Amazing, not left over, Left over, subject to relinquishment; Offenses entailing expulsion, parts, Not actually confessed, full ordination.

One should stand up for, and seat, Favor, and with an instructor; Benefits, ‘at the most’, Behaving in eight respects; Illegitimate, and legitimate, The section on eights has been well proclaimed.”

9. The section on nines “There are nine grounds for resentment. — There are nine ways of getting rid of resentment. — There are nine grounds of training. — There are nine immediate offenses. — The Sangha is split by a group of nine. — There are nine fine foods. — There is an offense of wrong conduct for eating nine kinds of meat. — There are nine ways of reciting the Monastic Code. — There are nine rules about ‘at the most’. — There are nine things rooted in craving. — There are nine kinds of conceit. — There are nine kinds of robes that should be determined. — There are nine kinds of robes that should not be assigned to another. — Nine standard handspans long. — There are nine illegitimate kinds of gifts. — There are nine illegitimate kinds of receiving. — There are nine illegitimate kinds of possession. — There are three legitimate kinds of gifts, three legitimate kinds of receiving, and three legitimate kinds of possession. — There are nine illegitimate ways of winning over. — There are nine legitimate ways of winning over. — There are two groups of nine on illegitimate legal procedures. — There are two groups of nine on legitimate legal procedures. — There are nine kinds of illegitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code. — There are nine kinds of legitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code.”

The section on nines is finished.

This is the summary:

“Grounds for resentment, getting rid of, Training, and with immediate; And is split, and fine, Meat, reciting, and ‘at the most’.

Craving, conceit, determined, And assignment to another, handspans; Gifts, kinds of receiving, kinds of possession, Again threefold legitimate kinds.

Illegitimate ways of winning over, and legitimate ways of winning over, And twice two groups of nine; Cancellations of the Monastic Code, Illegitimate, and legitimate.”

10. The section on tens “There are ten grounds for resentment. — There are ten ways of getting rid of resentment. — There are ten grounds of training. — There are ten subject matters of wrong view. — There are ten subject matters of right view. — There are ten extreme views. — There are ten kinds of wrongness. — There are ten kinds of rightness. — There are ten ways of doing unskillful deeds. — There are ten ways of doing skillful deeds. — There are ten reasons why a vote is illegitimate. — There are ten reasons why a vote is legitimate. — There are ten training rules for novice monks. — A novice monk who has ten qualities should be expelled.

When an expert on the Monastic Law has ten qualities, he is considered ignorant: (1) he does not grasp what is proper for himself to say; (2) he does not grasp what is proper for others to say; (3-5) not grasping either, he makes them act illegitimately, without their admission; (6) he does not know the offenses; (7) he does not know the roots of the offenses; (8) he does not know the origin of the offenses; (9) he does not know the ending of the offenses; (10) he does not know the way leading to the ending of the offenses.

But when an expert on the Monastic Law has ten qualities, he is considered learned: (1) he grasps what is proper for himself to say; (2) he grasps what is proper for others to say; (3-5) grasping both, he makes them act legitimately, in accordance with their admission; (6) he knows the offenses; (7) he knows the roots of the offenses; (8) he knows the origin of the offenses; (9) he knows the ending of the offenses; (10) he knows the way leading to the ending of the offenses.

When an expert on the Monastic Law has ten other qualities, he is considered ignorant: (1) he does not know the legal issues; (2) he does not know the root of the legal issues; (3) he does not know the origin of the legal issues; (4) he does not know the ending of the legal issues; (5) he does not know the way leading to the ending of the legal issues; (6) he does not know the actions that are the bases for offenses; (7) he does not know the origin stories; (8) he does not know the rules; (9) he does not know the additions to the rules; (10) he does not know the sequence of statements.

But when an expert on the Monastic Law has ten qualities, he is considered learned: (1) he knows legal issues; (2) he knows the root of the legal issues; (3) he knows the origin of the legal issues; (4) he knows the ending of the legal issues; (5) he knows the way leading to the ending of the legal issues; (6) he knows the actions that are the bases for offenses; (7) he knows the origin stories; (8) he knows the rules; (9) he knows the additions to the rules; (10) he knows the sequence of statements.

When an expert on the Monastic Law has ten other qualities, he is considered ignorant: (1) he does not know the motion; (2) he does not know how the motion is done; (3) he is not skilled in what comes first; (4) he is not skilled in what comes afterwards; (5) he does not know the right time; (6) he does not know the offenses and non-offenses; (7) he does not know the light and heavy offenses; (8) he does not know the curable and incurable offenses; (9) he does not know the grave and minor offenses; (10) he has not well-learned or well-remembered his teachers’ tradition.

But when an expert on the Monastic Law has ten qualities, he is considered learned: (1) he knows the motion; (2) he knows how the motion is done; (3) he is skilled in what comes first; (4) he is skilled in what comes afterwards; (5) he knows the right time; (6) he knows the offenses and non-offenses; (7) he knows the light and heavy offenses; (8) he knows the curable and incurable offenses; (9) he knows the grave and minor offenses; (10) he has well-learned and well-remembered his teachers’ tradition.

When an expert on the Monastic Law has ten other qualities, he is considered ignorant: (1) he does not know the offenses and non-offenses; (2) he does not know the light and heavy offenses; (3) he does not know the curable and incurable offenses; (4) he does not know the grave and minor offenses; (5) he has not properly learned both Monastic Codes in detail, not having analyzed them well, thoroughly mastered them, and investigated them well, both in terms of the rules and their detailed exposition; (6) he does not know the offenses and non-offenses; (7) he does not know the light and heavy offenses; (8) he does not know the curable and incurable offenses; (9) he does not know the grave and minor offenses; (10) he is not skilled in deciding legal issues.

But when an expert on the Monastic Law has ten qualities, he is considered learned: (1) he knows the offenses and non-offenses; (2) he knows the light and heavy offenses; (3) he knows the curable and incurable offenses; (4) he knows the grave and minor offenses; (5) he has properly learned both Monastic Codes in detail, having analyzed them well, thoroughly mastered them, and investigated them well, both in terms of the rules and their detailed exposition; (6) he knows the offenses and non-offenses; (7) he knows the light and heavy offenses; (8) he knows the curable and incurable offenses; (9) he knows the grave and minor offenses; (10) he is skilled in deciding legal issues.

A monk who has ten qualities may be appointed to a committee. — The Buddha laid down the training rules for his disciples for ten reasons. — There are ten dangers of entering a royal compound. — There are ten reasons for giving. — There are ten precious things. — A sangha of monks consisting of a group of ten. — A group of ten may give the full ordination. — There are ten kinds of rags. — There are ten kinds of robe wearing. — One should keep an extra robe for ten days at the most. — There are ten kinds of semen. — There are ten kinds of women. — There are ten kinds of wives. — The ten practices proclaimed as allowable at Vesālī. — There are ten kinds of people a monk should not pay respect to. — There are ten kinds of abuse. — There are ten ways of engaging in malicious talebearing. — There are ten kinds of furniture. — They asked for ten favors. — There are ten kinds of illegitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code. — There are the ten legitimate cancellations of the Monastic Code. — These are the ten benefits of congee. — There are ten kinds of unallowable meat. — There are ten rules on ‘at the most’. — A competent and capable monk who has ten years of seniority may give the going forth, the full ordination, and formal support, and may have a novice monk attend on him. — A competent and capable nun who has ten years of seniority may give the going forth, the full ordination, and formal support, and may have a novice nun attend on her. — A competent and capable nun who has ten years of seniority may agree to be approved to give the full admission. — The training may be given to a married girl who is ten years old.”

The section on tens is finished.

This is the summary:

“Resentment, getting rid of, grounds, Wrong, and right, extreme; And kinds of wrongness, kinds of rightness, Unskillful, and also skillful.

An illegitimate vote, legitimate, Novice monks, and expelling; To say, and legal issue, Motion, and light.

These light and heavy, Understand the dark and bright; And committee, and training, And compound, reasons.

Precious thing, and a group of ten, And so the full ordination; Rag, and wearing, Ten days, semen, women.

Wives, ten practices, Should not pay respect to, and with abuse; And malicious talebearing, kinds of furniture, And favors, illegitimate.

Legitimate, congee, and meat, ‘At the most’, monk, nun; Full admission, married girl, The section on tens have been well proclaimed.”

11. The section on elevens “There are eleven kinds of people who should not be ordained, and if they have been ordained, they should be expelled. — There are eleven kinds of unallowable shoes. — There are eleven kinds of unallowable almsbowls. — There are eleven kinds of unallowable robes. — There are eleven ‘after the third’. — The nuns should be asked about the eleven obstacles. — There are eleven kinds of robes that should be determined. — There are eleven kinds of robes that should not be assigned to another. — Becoming subject to relinquishment at dawn on the eleventh day. — There are eleven kinds of allowable toggles. — There are eleven kinds of allowable buckles. — There are eleven kinds of unallowable earth. — There are eleven kinds of allowable earth. — There are eleven reasons why formal support comes to an end. — There are eleven kinds of people a monk should not pay respect to. — There are eleven rules on ‘at the most’. — They asked for eleven favors. — There are eleven kinds of flaws in monastery zones. — There are eleven dangers to be expected for people who abuse and revile. There are eleven benefits to be expected for one who practices the liberation of mind through love, who develops, cultivates, and makes it a vehicle and basis, who keeps it up, accumulates, and properly implements it: (1) you sleep well, (2) you wake up rested, and (3) you have no nightmares; (4) you are loved by humans and (5) spirits; (6) you are protected by the gods; (7) you cannot be harmed by fire, poison, or weapons; (8) your mind is quickly stilled; (9) your face is serene; (10) you die unconfused; and (11) if you do not go any further, you are reborn in the world of the supreme beings.”

The section on elevens is finished.

This is the summary:

“Should be expelled, and shoes, And almsbowls, and robes; Thirds, and should be asked about, Determination, assigning to another.

Dawn, toggles, buckles, And unallowable, allowable; Formal support, and should not pay respect to, ‘At the most’, and favors; And flaws in monastery zones, abuse, With love—the elevens are done.”

The numerical method is finished.

This is the summary:

“The ones, and the twos, And the threes, fours, and fives; And the sixes, sevens, eights, and nines, The tens, and the elevens.

For the welfare of all beings, By the Unwavering One who knows the Teaching; The stainless numerical method, Was taught by the Great Hero.”

The numerical method is finished.
-- PLI-TV-PVR7 — Bhikkhu Brahmali (CC0-1.0)